广开
问题
简述投资与利率、投资与国民收入的关系。
答案
（1）投资是利率的减函数 利率是决定投资成本的主要因素。如果投资使用的是借贷资本，则支付的贷款利息是投资成本；如果投资使用的是自有资本，则损失的利息收入是投资成本。因而，利率越高，投资成本就越高，投资需求相应减少；利率越低，投资成本越低，投资需求相应增加，即投资是利率的减函数。这种，投资与利率的关系可用下式表示：I=l－dR 在现实经济中，产品市场与货币市场是同时存在的，国民收入和利率都是决定投资的主要因素。因此投资函数为：I=Io+KY－dR （2）投资是国民收入的增函数 国民收入是决定投资的主要因素，一方面，国民收入的总体水平决定着投资的总量规模；另一方面，国民收入的预期变动要求投资的相应变动。这时，投资与国民收入的关系可表示为：I= Io +KY 西方学者认为投资主要取决于利率，因此把投资和利率的关系称为投资函数，并重视研究投资与利率的关系。
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选择题
Liu Hui interviews Dr. Smith about the issue of educational inequality.
Liu Hui: Thank you, Dr. Smith, for agreeing to be interviewed by our Campus News Weekly. First, what do you mean by educational inequality?
Dr. Smith: Educational inequality is the disparity that certain students experience in their education as compared to other students. But the meaning of it varies in different social contexts.
Liu Hui: Why does it exist in modern society?
Dr. Smith: Well, researchers link educational inequality to socioeconomic, racial and geographic reasons.
Liu Hui: So it is very likely that educational inequality exists in different forms in different countries.
Dr. Smith: Yeah, you are right. For example, in the United States, although skin color is linked to other forms of inequality, it is evident in education.
Liu Hui: Educational inequality exists in China, too. For example, the college entrance rate is much higher in Beijing than in other provinces. How do you think can we someday eradicate the inequality?
Dr. Smith: It's impossible to answer such a big question in few words. Educational inequality has become one of the most important political and social issues in every nation nowadays. There have been numerous attempts at reforms and.....
Well, researchers link educational inequality to 1 .
A. socioeconomic, racial and educational reasons
B. racial, economic and geographic reasons
C. racial, socioeconomic and geographic reasons
2. According to the passage, 2 .
A. in the United States, skin color is linked to other forms of inequality, but not in education
B. in the United States, skin color is only linked to the form of inequality in education
C. in the United States, skin color is linked to the inequality in education
3. Educational inequality exists in 3 .
A. China only
B. many countries
C. all the countries
4. What does the word “eradicate” mean in the passage? 4
A. get rid of
B. cope with
C. carry out
5. What's the attitude of Dr. Smith to the future of education equality? 5
A. reserved
B. positive
C. negative
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