When Braniff Airlines translated a slogan for its comfortable seats ❺ “fl y in leather ”, it came out in Spanish as ❻ “fly naked ”.

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Being an effective manager means knowing when to use the right management style. Some styles, for instance, are more people-oriented, while others tend to focus on a project or product. The management style you select will depend on your people skills and knowledge, available resources (like time and money), desired results, and, of course, the task before you. The common management styles can be summarized into three categories. 

The participatory style is the first of its kind. Here, it is critical to give each employee an entire task to complete. If that’s not possible, make sure the individual knows and understands his or her part as it relates to the project or task. When people in your team know where they fit in the big picture, they’re more likely to be motivated to complete the task. 

Following that, we have the directing style. Sometimes a situation will call for a direct style of management. Perhaps a tight deadline looms, or the project involves numerous employees and requires a top-down management approach. Here, a manager answers five questions for the employees: What? Where? How? Why? and, When? Let employees know what they need to do, how they’re going to do it, and when the questions must be finished. 

The last one is the teamwork style. If you want to speed up a project and choose the best process for completing that project, managing by teamwork is the way to go. When you motivate people to pool their knowledge, the results may exceed your expectations. Often, teams can tackle problems more quickly than what you can accomplish on your own. The give-and-take can create a process that you can repeat in other projects. 

1.Being an effective manager lies in knowing the right   (1)   . 

A. knowledge

B. skills

C. management style 

2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a focus of different management styles?   (2)   

A. People.

B. Customers.

C. Project.

3.Which of the following can’t be inferred from the passage?   (3)   

A. The management style is likely to change because the manager has been replaced.

B. The management style is likely to change because the desired results have changed.

C. The management style is likely to change because the available resources have changed.

4.When people in your team know where they fit in the big picture, they are more likely to be   (4)   to complete the task.

A. frustrated

B. reluctant

C. inspired 

5.If you want to speed up a project and choose the best process for completing that project, you can resort to   (5)   .

A. teamwork

B. top-down management

C. tight deadline 

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合理进行人员配备工作必须遵循以下原则：（  ）。

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以出让方式取得的建设用地使用权抵押的，该建设土地上的房屋不能随之抵押。

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What didn't Richard say when he introduced Maggie Jacobs to his co-workers ?

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由于经济衰退而形成的失业属于（　　　）

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简述微观经济学与宏观经济学理论的主要内容。

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Nobody ever offered to ________ her travel expenses, and some employers even expected her to pay for her uniform.

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在完全垄断市场上，一家厂商就是一个行业。

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